Optical time-domain reflectometer analysis provides the most detailed fiber characterization—locating events, measuring losses, and documenting your fiber infrastructure.
An OTDR operates by injecting short pulses of light into the fiber under test and analyzing the light that returns to the instrument.
Rayleigh Scattering occurs continuously along the fiber as light interacts with microscopic density variations, producing a gradual backscatter signal indicating fiber attenuation.
Fresnel Reflection occurs at discrete points where refractive index changes—connector interfaces, splice points, and fiber ends—producing sharp reflection peaks.
By measuring time between pulse transmission and return signal detection, the OTDR calculates distance to each event with high precision.
Sample OTDR trace showing events
Connectors appear as both loss and reflection events. We evaluate against expected values and flag connectors exceeding normal levels.
Well-made splices exhibit 0.05-0.10 dB loss. OTDR testing verifies splice quality by measuring loss at each location.
Complete breaks appear as high-reflection events followed by total signal loss. OTDR precisely locates break points for targeted repair.
Fiber bent tighter than minimum radius causes light to escape. OTDR traces show macrobends as non-reflective loss events.
Mechanical splices typically exhibit 0.1-0.3 dB loss and some reflectance. OTDR identifies splices exceeding expected loss.
OTDR calculates distance to each event using light pulse time-of-flight. We report event distances for maintenance and troubleshooting.
Industry-leading fiber characterization
OTDR testing provides the diagnostic detail you need for troubleshooting and documentation.